Diabetes
When glucose is present in your bloodstream, it need help—a “key”—to access the locations where it should be. The key is the insulin an enzyme. If your pancreas doesn’t create enough insulin or if your body isn’t using it properly, glucose builds up in your system and causes high blood sugar. (Hyperglycemia)
Over time, having consistently high blood sugar levels might increase your chance of developing heart disease, nerve damage, and visual issues.
The actual medical word for the ailment is diabetes mellitus. Although it shares the label “diabetes,” diabetes insipid us is a distinct illness. Because they both result in increased thirst and frequent urination, they are both referred to as “diabetes.” Diabetes insipid us is far less prevalent than diabetes mellitus.
Symptoms
- Dry mouth and increased thirst (polydipsia).
- A lot of urine.
- Cloudy vision.
- Unaccounted-for weight reduction.
- Tingling or numbness in your hands or feet.
- Cuts and sores that heal slowly.
- Recurrent yeast infections of the skin or vagina.
Type 1diabetes: T1D symptoms may appear within a few weeks or months. Additional symptoms that indicate the serious complication known as diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA) may appear. DKA is a serious medical condition that needs to be treated right away. Vomiting, stomach discomfort, fruity breath, and labored breathing are all signs of DKA.
Type 2diabetes and Prediabetes: Because they come on gradually, you might not even experience any symptoms at all. Regular blood tests could reveal elevated blood sugar levels before you have any symptoms. Acanthus’s Nigerians, or darker skin on specific body areas, is another potential indicator of pre diabetes.
Causes
Diabetes, irrespective of the kind, is caused by an excess of glucose in the blood. However, depending on the type of diabetes you have, there are several causes for elevated blood glucose levels.
- Insulin resistance: The main cause of type 2 diabetes is insulin resistance. When your muscles, fat, and liver cells don’t react to insulin as they should, you have insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is caused by a variety of illnesses and circumstances, including obesity, inactivity, nutrition, hormone imbalances, heredity, and some drugs.
- Autoimmune disease: Your immune system attacking the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas causes type 1 diabetes and LADA.
- Hormonal imbalances: During pregnancy, the placenta releases hormones that cause insulin resistance. You may develop gestational diabetes if your pancreas can’t produce enough insulin to overcome the insulin resistance. Other hormone-related conditions like acromegaly and Cushing syndrome can also cause Type 2 diabetes.
- Pancreatic damage: Physical damage to your pancreas — from a condition, surgery or injury — can impact its ability to make insulin, resulting in Type 3c diabetes.
- Genetic mutations: Certain genetic mutations can cause MODY and neonatal diabetes.
PREVENTION
- Eat a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet.
- Get physically active. Aim for 30 minutes a day at least five days a week.
- Work to achieve a weight that’s healthy for you.
- Manage your stress.
- Limit alcohol intake.
- Get adequate sleep (typically 7 to 9 hours) and seek treatment for sleep disorders.
- Quit smoking.
- Take medications as directed by your healthcare provider to manage existing risk factors for heart disease.
